Title: The essential ideal is a Cohen-Macaulay module Author: David J. Green, University of Wuppertal, Germany Date: 26 February 2004 Status: Submitted for publication MSC 2000: Primary 20J06; Secondary 13C14 Abstract: Let G be a finite p-group which does not contain a rank two elementary abelian p-group as a direct factor. Then the ideal of essential classes in the mod-p cohomology ring of G is a Cohen--Macaulay module whose Krull dimension is the p-rank of the centre of G. This basically answers in the affirmative a question posed by J. F. Carlson.