Prepublication: Cohomology of split algebras and of trivial extensions C. Cibils E. Marcos M.J. Redondo A. Solotar We consider associative algebras $\Lambda$ over a field provided with a direct sum decomposition of a two-sided ideal $M$ and a sub-algebra $A$ -- examples are provided by trivial extensions or triangular type matrix algebras. In this relative and split setting we describe a long exact sequence computing the Hochschild cohomology of $\Lambda$. We study the connecting homomorphism using the cup-product and we infer several results, in particular the first Hochschild cohomology group of a trivial extension never vanishes. http://www.math.univ-montp2.fr/~cibils/cmrs.html http://xxx.lpthe.jussieu.fr/abs/math.KT/0102194